• 1. GUIDED TOUR
• 2. INTRODUCTION
  • 2.1 INTRODUCTION
  • 2.2 UNDERSTANDING THE STRUCTURE OF THE DATABASE
  • 2.3 SEARCH NAVIGATION BAR
  • 2.4 TABLE OF CONTENTS NAVIGATION BAR
  • 2.5 NOTES ON MARK-UP CONVENTIONS
  • 2.6 ABOUT THE SEARCH SOFTWARE
• 3. FINDING TOOLS
  • 3.1 FIND WRITERS
  • 3.2 FIND SCRIPTS
  • 3.3 FIND SCENES
  • 3.4 FIND CHARACTERS
• 4. SEARCHING
  • 4.1 SEARCH OVERVIEW
  • 4.2 FULL-TEXT SEARCHING
    • 4.2.1 Full-Text Searching
    • 4.2.2 Wildcard Characters in Full-Text Searching
    • 4.2.3 Wildcards and Boolean Operators in Full-Text Searching
    • 4.2.4 Punctuation and Full-Text Searching
    • 4.2.5 Selecting a Search Option
  • 4.3 FIELD SEARCHING
    • 4.3.1 Searching in Specific Fields
    • 4.3.2 Advanced Field Searching with Regular Expression Operators
    • 4.3.3 Punctuation and Spacing in Fielded Searching
• 5. FIELDS AND THEIR DESCRIPTIONS
  • 5.1 LIST OF ALL FIELDS THAT CAN BE SEARCHED
  • 5.2 FIELD DESCRIPTIONS WITH SAMPLE SEARCHES
    • 5.2.1  Actor Portraying
    • 5.2.2  Actor(s) in Script
    • 5.2.3  Adaptation by
    • 5.2.4  All Subjects
    • 5.2.5  All Writing Credits
    • 5.2.6  Awards
    • 5.2.7  Character Code
    • 5.2.8  Character Name
    • 5.2.9  Character Type
    • 5.2.10  Director
    • 5.2.11  Ethnicity
    • 5.2.12  Ever Produced
    • 5.2.13  Gender
    • 5.2.14  Genre
    • 5.2.15  Name as Subject
    • 5.2.16  Nationality
    • 5.2.17  Occupation
    • 5.2.18  Person Based On
    • 5.2.19  Place of Birth
    • 5.2.20  Place of Death
    • 5.2.21  Previously Unpublished
    • 5.2.22  Producer
    • 5.2.23  Race
    • 5.2.24  Release Year
    • 5.2.25  Scene Code
    • 5.2.26  Scene Title
    • 5.2.27  Script Awards
    • 5.2.28  Script Code
    • 5.2.29  Script Genre
    • 5.2.30  Script Title
    • 5.2.31  Script Type
    • 5.2.32  Settings
    • 5.2.33  Sexual Orientation
    • 5.2.34  Story By
    • 5.2.35  Subject - General Topics
    • 5.2.36  Subject - Historical
    • 5.2.37  Subject - Organizations
    • 5.2.38  Person as Subject
    • 5.2.39  Subject - Geographical
    • 5.2.40  Subject Headings
    • 5.2.41  Writer ID
    • 5.2.42  Writer
    • 5.2.43  Written By
    • 5.2.44  Year of Birth
    • 5.2.45  Year of Death
    • 5.2.46  Year Released
    • 5.2.47  Year Published
• 6. RESULTS
  • 6.1 OCCURRENCES WITH CONTEXT/CONTEXT
  • 6.2 LINE-BY-LINE DISPLAY
  • 6.3 SORTING RESULTS BY WRITER
  • 6.4 SORTING RESULTS BY TITLE
  • 6.5 SORTING RESULTS BY YEAR
  • 6.6 NAVIGATING DOCUMENTS FROM WORD SEARCHES

A basic 10 minute guided tour that shows the major features of the database is available. Please CLICK here for more.

2. INTRODUCTION

2.1 INTRODUCTION

American Film Scripts Online provides sophisticated searching within all texts in the database, as well as the ability to search for specific writers, scripts, characters, or scenes.

For novices who wish to get quick access to key documents, we recommend using the Tables of Contents and the Simple Search tools.

For scholars who wish to conduct in-depth searches we recommend using the Advanced Search, tool. The Find Scenes tool also contains many useful search fields.

2.2 UNDERSTANDING THE STRUCTURE OF THE DATABASE

There are three basic ways to use the database.

• Tables of Contents -- Use these to see what's contained in the database. This is the best way to check whether a writer, a script, a scene or a character is included.  To use this tool, simply click on the appropriate table of contents button on the navigation bar.
• Find Tools -- The "FIND" tools let you search for specific writers, scripts, scenes and characters that the database contains and combine criteria to narrow what you're looking for.  The difference between the "FIND" tools and the "SEARCH" tools (explained next) is in the results they give. The "FIND" tools do not return documents, but rather lists of writers, scripts, scenes and characters in the database. Note the difference between scripts (a collection of scenes) and the scenes themselves (which are within a script).
• Search Tools -- The "SEARCH" tools let you analyze words and documents that occur within the text of scripts and that meet your search criteria. The "SEARCH" tools return plays or bibliographic citations or both.

The Search Navigation Bar lets you move around the database retrieval tools, including the Search tools. It is the same as the Tables of Contents tool bar, except that the Finding and Search tools are expanded, and the Tables of Contents tools are reduced. You can toggle between the two by clicking Tables of Contents or Simple Search in the section indicated above. (The graphic above is just an illustration; it does not have live links.

The Search tools are divided into two separate categories, both of which search the texts in the database and return documents:

• Simple Search - for novice users or those wishing to do a quick search. It provides basic searching of plays
• Advanced Search - for users that wish not only to search the text of plays, but also to restrict the plays being searched by specific criteria.

The Tables of Contents Navigation Bar lets you move around the Tables of Contents tools. It works in the same way as the Search Tool bar. When using these tools, the Tables of Contents are expanded and the Full Text Searches are collapsed. You can toggle between the two by clicking Full-Text Search.

The Tables of Contents are divided into six separate categories, all of which provide quick access to specific materials within the database.

• Writer - a list of every writer in the database
• Script - every script in the database is listed here, listed alphabetically
• Year - a complete list of every script in the database, organized by year of release, with unproduced films coming last.
• Character - this is a complete list of all the characters in the scripts that are in the database.
• Subjects - this is a selective listing of key subjects and the scripts and scenes in which you'll find them.
• People - a complete list of all writers, actors, directors and producers contained in the database.

The dark blue color indicates which table of contents you are using. The dark blue moves as you move from tool to tool. You may click on the light blue parts of the Navigation bar to move to the appropriate tool. (The graphic above is just an illustration; it does not have live links.)

2.5 NOTES ON MARK-UP CONVENTIONS

Materials in the database have been transcribed using original spellings and grammar. In some documents spelling is inconsistent, even within a sentence.

For more information on mark-up conventions, contact the Editor.

2.6 ABOUT THE SEARCH SOFTWARE

PhiloLogic, a suite of software developed by the ARTFL Project at the University of Chicago in collaboration with The University of Chicago Library's Electronic Text Services, provides sophisticated searching of a wide variety of large encoded databases on the World Wide Web. It is an easy to use, yet powerful, full-text search, retrieval, and reporting system for large multimedia databases (texts, images, sound) with the ability to handle complex text structures with extensive indexed metadata.

PhiloLogic in its simplest form serves as a document retrieval or look up mechanism whereby users can search a relational database to retrieve given documents and, in some implementations, portions of texts such as acts, scenes, articles, or head-words. This same document retrieval mechanism serves as the basis for defining a corpus in a full-text search. One can, for example, either retrieve all documents in a database written by women from 1935 through 1945 or one can search for words or phrases within database which fit those criteria. The typical PhiloLogic search is broken down into five distinct stages: 1) defining a corpus (i.e. limiting a search), 2) word expansion, 3) word index searching, 4) text extraction, and 5) link resolution and formatting (e.g., SGML to HTML conversion). In other words, after defining a corpus (or one may search an entire database), one can execute a single term, phrase or proximity search. By looking up indices of the word(s) in a relational database, PhiloLogic extracts blocks of text containing the search term(s) with links to larger blocks of text. These extracts are formatted to display on a Web browser and sometimes include links to images, sound recordings, other texts, or even other databases.

In addition to simple word and phrase searches, users can perform more sophisticated searches by using extended UNIX-style regular expressions for complex wildcard searching and, in some implementations, morphological and orthographic expansion. All of these mechanisms to expand words can be combined using Boolean operators such as OR (the vertical bar "|") and AND (a space) within a variety of searching contexts.

Its functions were originally designed for scholarly research in databases of literary, religious, philosophical, and historical collections of texts as well as important historical encyclopedias and dictionaries. PhiloLogic handles notes so as not to interfere with phrase searching. Users can easily search words with diacritics (either by specifying accents or ignoring them by typing in uppercase) and non-Romanized scripts. At present there are some fifty databases on the Web under PhiloLogic containing languages such as ancient Greek, Latin, Hindi, and Urdu as well as nearly all Western European languages. PhiloLogic can also be set up to recognize or ignore manuscript notations such as different brackets, which can indicate spurious text or editorial emendations. Because the software recognizes typical text structures as real data objects, it understands units, such as words, sentences, paragraphs, sections, and pages, permitting very flexible searching and retrieval of these textual objects. Other full-text engines on the market search for strings of characters. Rather than searching for two words within the same sentence or paragraph (intellectual units), other engines must search for two words within a certain number of characters regardless of sentence or paragraph. With PhiloLogic scholars always know where they are in a given text since pagination can be displayed along side other objects. Such a high degree of indexing can lead to decreases in speed, PhiloLogic indexing has been maximized such that it is still incredibly fast on the Web.

For more information on PhiloLogic, contact Catherine Mardikes, ETS Coordinator, The University of Chicago Library.

3.1 FIND WRITERS

The Find Writers tool lets you find all the writers in the database that match your specific criteria.

Practical Example:

• Click on the navigation bar to get to Find writers.
• Enter Academy Award in the Awards field.
• Click on the SEARCH button.
• The system responds with a list of all sources that meet the criteria.

Note: For a detailed discussion of the fields in Find writers see the section on Fields and their Descriptions below.

3.2 FIND SCRIPTS

The Find Scripts tool lets you find all the plays in the database that match your specific criteria.

Practical Example:
Find all horror scripts in the database.

• Click on the navigation bar to get to Find Scripts.
• Enter horror in the Genre field.
• Click on the SEARCH button.
• The system responds with a list of all scripts that meet the criteria.

Note: For a detailed discussion of the fields in Find Scripts see the section on Fields and their Descriptions below.

3.3 FIND SCENES

The Find Scenes tool lets you find all scenes in the database that match your specific criteria.

Practical Example:
Find all scenes set in Chinatown in New York.

• Click on the navigation bar to get to Find Scenes.
• Enter New York, NY - Manhattan - Chinatown in the Settings field.
• Click on the SEARCH button.
• The system responds with a list of all sources that meet the criteria.

Note: For a detailed discussion of the fields in Find Scenes see the section on Fields and their Descriptions below.

3.4 FIND CHARACTERS

The Find Characters tool lets you find all characters in the database that match your specific criteria.

Practical Example:
Find all characters in the database who are white restaurant workers:

• Click on the navigation bar to get to Find Characters.
• Enter restaurant worker in the Character field.
• Click on the SEARCH button.
• The system responds with a list of all sources that meet the criteria.

Note: For a detailed discussion of the fields in Find Characters see the section on Fields and their Descriptions below.

4.1 SEARCH OVERVIEW

There are two basic kinds of searching in the database.

• Full-Text Searching enables you to do keyword searching for occurrences of words or phrases in the database.
• Bibliographic Searching allows you to create a set of documents for subsequent full-text searching. When you conduct a Bibliographic search, you are using descriptive fields to execute the search.

4.2.1 Full-Text Searching

Full-Text Searching is when you search for specific words or phrases that occur in the texts themselves.

PhiloLogic supports wildcard characters and Boolean (logical) operators, which are modeled on UNIX regular expressions to perform "pattern matching" in full-text searching. Pattern matching allows identification of a large number of words corresponding to a defined pattern. Wildcard characters can be useful, for example, in identifying cognates made obscure by affixes and vowel weakening, inconsistencies due to irregular orthography, and variations on account of word inflection as well as for discovering potential emendations for uncertain readings. The most commonly used regular expression operators (wildcard and Boolean) are listed below.

4.2.2 Wildcard Characters in Full-Text Searching

. (period):

matches any single character (e.g., gentlem.n will retrieve gentleman and gentlemen).

* (asterisk):

matches any string of characters, anchoring the match at the beginning of a word (e.g., cigar* will match cigar, cigars, cigarette, etc.).

* (asterisk):

matches any string of characters, anchoring the match at the end of a word (e.g., *habit will retrieve habit, cohabit, and inhabit), or in the middle (e.g., c.*eers matches compeers, cheers, and careers).

.? (period question mark):

matches the characters entered or the characters entered plus one more character in place of the question mark (e.g., hono.?r matches both honor and honour and cat.? matches cat and cats, but not cathedral, Catherine, etc.).

[a-z] (brackets):

matches a single character found in the specified range (e.g., [c-f]at will match cat, dat, eat, and fat) or any letters within the brackets (e.g., civili[zs]e will match both civilize and civilise).

# (hash mark):

matches capitalized words only (e.g., #bacon will retrieve Bacon, but not bacon). Otherwise word searches are case insensitive. Please note that this operator does not work properly in conjunction with the vertical bar (e.g., searching #hamlet|#bacon will not retrieve accurate results).

E (capital letter):

matches all accented and non-accented forms (e.g., to search naïveté regardless of accents type naIvetE).

Note: If you are using wildcard characters and would like to see a full list of the words matching your search-term, then run your search as a Frequency by writer search. The results page of a Frequency by writer search lists all the terms found in a database that match your search-term.

4.2.3 Wildcards and Boolean Operators in Full-Text Searching

• The vertical line ( | ) is the OR operator (e.g., avarice|greed or holy ghost|spirit). (Note: this searches for the phrases "holy ghost" or "holy spirit").
• Space: serves as the AND operator in sentence and paragraph Proximity Searching (e.g., church state retrieve all cases where church and state appear in the same specified context; this is not the case in phrase searching).
• These expressions can be combined for more sophisticated searches; for example, searching
  old|aged|ancient m.n|fellow*
  finds any of the three adjectives together with the nouns man or fellow in the singular or plural.

4.2.4 Punctuation and Full-Text Searching

• Hyphens: Hyphens act as word separators. Thus, one should treat hyphenated expressions as separate words excluding the hyphen (e.g., if searching for all-powerful, type in all powerful).
• Apostrophes: One must include apostrophes when searching words with apostrophes in them (e.g., only by typing God's will one find "God's"). In this database apostrophes do not act as word separators. Therefore contractions and elisions must be entered without spaces before or after the apostrophe.
• Ampersands: The ampersand (&) is not a searchable character. Avoid Phrase Searches where an ampersand may be used as a conjunction and realize that &c must be entered as simply c.

4.2.5 Selecting a Search Option

PhiloLogic at this time offers two kinds of searches: "Single Term and Phrase Search," which is set up as the default, and "Proximity Searching in the Same Sentence or Paragraph." One may select and deselect a search option by clicking on the "radio" buttons.

For a fuller discussion see the PhiloLogic User Manual

4.3.1 Searching in Specific Fields

When entering search terms in bibliographic fields, as opposed to the full text search box, use the following Boolean operators: uppercase AND, OR, and NOT. One can use a NOT operator by itself (e.g., in the Nationality field enter: NOT American). It must be the first term in the box with no spaces preceding and it cannot be used with other Boolean operators

4.3.2 Advanced Field Searching with Regular Expression Operators

As in full text searching, one can use regular expression operators for more specialized searching. The caret sign (^) at the beginning of a word anchors the match at the beginning of the entry (e.g., ^child will find the subject term "Childbirth," but not "Death of Child). One can also use the vertical line (|) as a Boolean operator OR. With this operator one can exclude two terms from one's search (e.g., NOT car|truck).

4.3.3 Punctuation and Spacing in Fielded Searching

When entering terms, punctuation and spacing must match exactly that in the fields. The following marks of punctuation produce a "Nothing found" message: ampersand (&), parentheses, question mark, and double quotes (""). If necessary for searching, replace the mark of punctuation with a period, which stand for any single character.

5.1 LIST OF ALL FIELDS THAT CAN BE SEARCHED

Here is a summary table of all fields in the database, showing which tool they can be found on. Detailed descriptions can be found below.

5.2 FIELD DESCRIPTIONS WITH SAMPLE SEARCHES

5.2.1 Actor Portraying

Description: This field contains the name of the actor who has portrayed major characters in various screenplays.

How to use this field: Use this field when you want to find what major roles an actor has had in his career.

Practical Example:
What Characters has Claude Rains portrayed?

• Click on the navigation bar to Characters.
• Type Rains in the Actor portraying field.
• Click on the SEARCH button.
• The system responds with a list of all characters in the database whom Claude Rains has portrayed on screen.

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5.2.2 Actors in Script

Description: This field contains the names of major actors for a particular production of the screenplay.   No effort is made here to be comprehensive. 

How to use this field: Use this field when you want to restrict a search to scripts that feature a particular actor. It is particularly useful for examining dialogue by specific actors.

Practical Example:
View all occurrences of productions of scripts starring Claude Rains where the words "in love with" are used.

• Click on the navigation bar to Full Text Search.
• Click on the navigation bar to get to Advanced Search.
• Key in love with into the Search Texts field.
• Type Rains in the Actors in Script field.
• Click on the SEARCH button.
• The system responds with a list of all occurrences in context.

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5.2.3 Adaptation by

Description: This field contains the names of writers who have an 'adapted by' credit for a particular film.

How to use this field: Use this field when you want to restrict a search to scripts adapted by a particular writer.

Practical Example:
View scripts adapted by Jo Swerling.

• Click on the navigation bar to Find Scripts.
• Type Swerling in the Adapted by field.
• Click on the SEARCH button.
• The system responds with a list of all occurrences in context.

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5.2.4 All Subjects

Description: This is a combined field that searches all subject headings assigned to scenes, including Person as Subject, Historical Events, Place as Subject, Organizations as Subject, and General Topics.

How to use this field: Key in the term you're looking for and click search.

Practical Example:
Find all scenes concerning the Cold War.

• Click on the navigation bar to Find Scenes.
• Key in Cold War in the All Subjects field.
• Click on the SEARCH button.
• The system responds with a list of all relevant scenes.

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5.2.5 All Writing Credits

Description: This is a combined field that searches for writers who have been contributed to the writing of a script.

How to use this field: Key in the term you're looking for and click search.

Practical Example:
Find all scripts where Robert Riskin has a writing credit.

• Click on the navigation bar to Find Scripts.
• Type Riskin in the All Writing Credits field.
• Click on the SEARCH button.
• The system responds with a list of all relevant scenes.

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5.2.6 Awards

Description: This field indicates awards won by writers for scripts that are within the database.  The field is created using standard reference works.  Please e-mail the editor if you are aware of awards that are missing.

How to use this field: Use this field to find authors in the database who have won a particular award.

Practical Example:
Find all scripts that received a Writers Guild award:

• Click on the navigation bar to Find writers.
• Scroll down to the Awards box.
• Key in Writers Guild in the Awards box. 
• Click on the SEARCH button.
• The system responds with a list of all scripts that have won Writers Guild Awards that are in the database.
  

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5.2.7 Character Code

Description: This field contains the unique character code for each character in the database.. 

How to use this field: This field is intended for advanced users to locate specific characters.

5.2.8 Character Name

Description: This field contains the character name as presented in the cast list at the beginning of a script.  This field also contains alternate names and abbreviations of a particular character.  The form is last name, first name.

How to use this field: Use this field to find all scenes the contain a particular character.

Practical Example:
Find all scenes that contain the character Norma Desmond:

• Click on the navigation bar to Find Scenes.
• Key in Norma Desmond in the Character Name box. 
• Click on the SEARCH button.
• The system responds with a list of all scenes that contain this character.

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5.2.9 Character Type

Description: This field contains the anthropomorphic category of a particular character, such as human, animal or mythological.

How to use this field: This field is especially useful for finding nonhuman characters.

Practical Example:
Find all characters that are mythological beings:

• Click on the navigation bar to Find Characters.
• Click on the Terms button next to Character Type.
• Select the checkbox next to mythological and then click on the Paste Terms button.
• Click on the SEARCH button.

The system responds with a list of all characters that are mythological beings.

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5.2.10 Director

Description: This field contains the names of the director(s) for productions that are included in the database, and for which information has been found.  It is not comprehensive.  Names are listed Last Name, First Name.

How to use this field: Use this field to find all scripts directed by a particular person.

Practical Example:
Find all scripts where Frank Capra directed:

• Click on the navigation bar to Find Productions.
• Scroll down to the Director box.
• Key in Capra in the Director box. 
• Click on the SEARCH button.
• The system responds with a summary of all productions directed by Capra

To find productions where the director is not indicated, search for 'Not Indicated' in the Director box.

5.2.11 Ethnicity

Description: This field contains the national or ethnic origin for writers in the database. It is not comprehensive. Most useful for finding foreign-born writers whose current citizenship and nationality status is unclear.

How to use this field: Use this field to find writers of a particular ethnicity.

Practical Example:
Find all writers of English ethnicity.

• Click on the navigation bar to Find Writers.
• Key in English in the Ethnicity box. 
• Click on the SEARCH button.
• The system responds with a list of all writers who meet these criteria.
   

5.2.12 Ever Produced

Description: This field indicates whether or not a particular script has ever been produced and released as a movie. Drafts written by different authors than the final production are considered as having not been produced.

How to use this field: Use this field to restrict searches to scripts which either have or have not been produced as films.

Practical Example:
Find all scripts by Paul Schrader which have never been produced:

• Click on the navigation bar to Find Scripts.
• Key in Schrader in the All Writing Credits field. 
• Select 'No' from the pull down menu in the Ever Produced field.
• Click on the SEARCH button.
• The system responds with a list of all scripts by Paul Schrader which have never been produced as films.

5.2.13 Gender

Description: This field indicates the gender of the writer or of a character.

How to use this field: Use this field to search texts written either by men or by women, or for characters that are male or female.

Practical Example:
Find all women writers who have won an Academy Awards:

• Click on the navigation bar to Find Writers.
• Select Female in the Gender box.
• Key in Academy Award in the Awards box
• Click on the SEARCH button.
• The system responds with a list of all authors who fit the search criteria

5.2.14 Genre

Description: This field contains the genre of the script, including such categories as drama, crime, romance, fantasy and silent film

How to use this field: This field can be used to identify particular genres of scripts, resources, scenes within the database.  It can also be combined with text searching to analyze how different words and phrases are used within each genre.

Practical Example:
Examine the use of the word 'devil' in horror films.

• Click on the navigation bar to Multi-Field Search.
• Key in devil in the Search Text box. 
• Key in Horror in the Genre box.
• Click on the SEARCH button.
• The system responds with a summary of all documents that contain the word and that meet the criteria.

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5.2.15 Name as Subject

Description: This field contains the names of well-known people who appear or are discussed in a particular scene.

How to use this field: Use this field to find well-known people who appear or are discussed in a particular scene. You may also wish to search separately for Characters who are based on non-fictional individuals.

Practical Example:
Find all scenes concerning Cuban dictator Fulgencio Batista:

• Click on the navigation bar to Find scenes
• Key in Batista in the Person as subject box. 
• Click on the SEARCH button.
• The system responds with a list of scenes discussing Batista.
   

5.2.16 Nationality

Description: This field contains the nationality of a writer or character. 

How to use this field: Use this field when you want to find writers or characters of a particular nationality.

Practical Example:
Find me all Russian characters.

• Click on the navigation bar to Find characters
• Scroll down to the Nationality box. Key in Russian.
• Click on the SEARCH button.

The system responds with a list of all occurrences.

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5.2.17 Occupation

Description: This field describes a character's societal role or occupation, if the script gives that character an occupation.

How to use this field: Use this field to characters who share a particular occupation.

Practical Example:
Find all characters who are socialites.

• Click on the navigation bar to Find writers.
• Scroll down to the Occupation box. Key in socialite.
• Click on the SEARCH button.
• The system responds with a list of all occurrences.

To see what Occupation terms are available click the Terms button. Copy terms that you want and paste them into the box. Replace the Boolean operator OR with AND or NOT if you wish.

5.2.18 Person Based On

Description: This field contains the name of characters in the database based on non-fictional individuals, including biblical and legendary figures.

How to use this field: Use this field to find all scenes that feature a particular individual.

Practical Example:
Have there been characters based on Robespierre?

• Click on the navigation bar to Find Character
• Key in Robespierre in the Person Based On box. 
• Click on the SEARCH button.
• The system responds with a list of characters based on Robespierre.

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5.2.19 Place of Birth

Description: This field describes the location of the writer's birth, if known. It is used only in the Find writer section of the database. It is an Optional field.

How to use this field: Use this field to find writers who were born in a particular place or region.  Use "Not indicated" to find occurrences where we have been unable to determine the place of birth.

Practical Example:
Find me writers who were born in England.

• Click on the navigation bar to Find Writers.
• Scroll down to the Place of Birth box. Key in England.
• Click on the SEARCH button.
• The system responds with a list of all occurrences.

To see what Place of Birth terms are available click the Terms button. Check terms that you want and paste them into the box.

5.2.20 Place of Death

Description: This field describes the location of the writer's death, if known. It is used only in the Find writer section of the database. It is an Optional field.

How to use this field: Use this field to find writers who died in a particular place or region.  Use "Not indicated" to find occurrences where we have been unable to determine the place of death.

Practical Example:
Find me writers who were born in New York City and died in Los Angeles.

• Click on the navigation bar to Find writers.
• Scroll down to the Place of Birth box. Key in New York, NY.
• Key in Los Angeles in the Place of Death box.
• Click on the SEARCH button.
• The system responds with a list of all occurrences.

To see what Place of Death terms are available click the Terms button. Check terms that you want and paste them into the box. Be careful to delete any extraneous spaces or semicolons and replace them with the appropriate Boolean operator.

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5.2.21 Previously Unpublished

Description: This field is a 'Yes/No' field that indicates whether a script has been formally published prior to 2002.   This field is populated through research of the existing bibliographic literature, and in some cases with information from the original writer.

How to use this field: Use this field to find all scripts in the database that have not been published before.

Practical Example:
Find all unpublished scripts in the database:

• Click on the navigation bar to Find Scripts.
• Select in YES in the Previously Unpublished box. 
• Click on the SEARCH button.
• The system responds with a summary of all scripts that meet these criteria.

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5.2.22 Producer

5.2.23 Race

Description: This field indicates whether the writer or character was White, Black, Asian, American Indian, Hispanic or not indicated.

How to use this field: Use this field to find all documents written by writers of a particular race or races, or to find characters of a particular race.

Note: If you enter "Not Indicated" the database will respond with all documents where the race of the writer is unknown.

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5.2.24 Year Released

Description: This field indicates what year the film production of a script was released.

How to use this field: Use this field to find all films in the database released in a certain year.

Note: If you enter "9999" the database will respond with all scripts which have never been produced.

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5.2.25 Scene Code

Description: This field contains the unique production  code for each scene in the database. 

How to use this field: This field is intended for advanced users to locate specific scenes.

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5.2.26  Scene Title

Description: This field contains the title of a particular scene in the database, usually a scene number. 

How to use this field: Use this field to find a particular scene. Please note that scene numbers ("Scene 108") are different from the slug numbers ("58 INT FIRE STATION") .

5.2.27 Script Awards

Description: This field contains the name and year of an award which a script has received.

How to use this field: This field is intended for users to locate scripts that have won a particular award.

Practical Example:
Find all scripts that have won an Academy Award:

• Click on the navigation bar to Find Scripts.
• Key in Academy Award in the Awards box. 
• Click on the SEARCH button.
• The system responds with a list of scripts in the database that have won Academy Awards.

5.2.28 Script Code

Description: This field contains the unique production code for each production in the database. 

How to use this field: This field is intended for advanced users to locate specific scripts.

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5.2.29  Script Genre

Description: See Genre

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5.2.30 Script Title

Description: This field contains the Title of the Script

How to use this field: Use this field to find a particular script by name or to restrict searching to a particular script.

Practical Example:
Find all scripts titled "A Star is Born":

• Click on the navigation bar to Find Scripts.
• Key in A Star is Born in the Script box. 
• Click on the SEARCH button.
• The system responds with a list of all scripts titled "A Star is Born."

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5.2.31 Script Type

Description: Script Type refers to what stage of finality the script may be - either draft, shooting, or continuity.

How to use this field: Use this field to restrict searches to a particular type of script.

Practical Example:
Find how often the word "gun" is used in a shooting script:

• Click on the navigation bar to Full Text Search.
• Click on the navigation bar to Advanced Search.
• Key in gun in the Search Texts box. 
• Key in shooting in the Script Typebox. 
• Scroll down to the Select a Results Format radio buttons
• Select Frequency by Title
• Click on the SEARCH button.
• The system responds with a list of scripts and frequencies in descending order.

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5.2.32 Settings

Description: This field contains the setting for a particular scene, for example New York, NY - Urban - Street - Exterior.  It is taken from the manuscript of the script. 

How to use this field: Use this field to find all settings such as casinos or swimming pools, interior or exterior, urban or rural, as well as scenes in a specific geographic location such as Manhattan.   If you click on the Terms button, you can select multiple terms to paste into the text box. Be sure to amend the Boolean OR operator to an AND if you want to restrict the number of scenes retrieved from the database.

Practical Example:
Find all scenes set in studios in Los Angeles:

• Click on the navigation bar to Find Scenes.
• Scroll down to the Setting box.
• Key in studio in the Setting box. 
• Click on the Terms button to the immediate right.
• Select the checkbox for Los Angeles, CA
• In the textbox, delete the Boolean operator OR and replace it with AND
• Click on the SEARCH button.
• The system responds with a list of all scenes set in studios in Los Angeles.

5.2.33 Sexual Orientation

Description: This field contains the sexual orientation of a character within a script.  It is controlled.   Potential values are Homosexual, Heterosexual, and Not Indicated.  Only if a writer identifies a character's sexual orientation as homosexual in the manuscript is it entered as such.

How to use this field: The Find Character screen enables you to find Characters of a particular sexual orientation.  In the Find Scene screen it enables you to find scenes by the sexual orientation of the characters within them. 

Practical Example:
Find scenes with homosexual characters which discuss the subject of love:

• Click on the navigation bar to Find Scenes.
• Key in homosexual  in the Sexual Orientation box. 
• Key in love in the All Subjects box. 
• Click on the SEARCH button.
• The system responds with a list of all scenes that meet the criteria.

5.2.34 Story by

Description: This field contains the names of writers who have a story credit for a particular script

How to use this field: Use this field to find all scripts where an author has a story credit.

Practical Example:
Find Scripts where Scott Marble has a story credit:

• Click on the navigation bar to Find Scripts.
• Key in Marble, Scott in the Story by box. 
• Click on the SEARCH button.
• The system responds with a list of scripts with relevant criteria.

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5.2.35 Subject - General Topics

Description: this field contains topical subject headings such as Education, Gunfights and Accidents.

How to use this field: Use this field to restrict searching to scenes which deal with a particular subject.

Practical Example:
Find all scenes concerning the romantic relationships in the context of education:

• Click on the navigation bar to Find Scenes.
• Key in romantic relationships in the Specific Subject box. 
• Key in education in the General Topics box. 
• Click on the SEARCH button.
• The system responds with a list of all relevant scenes.

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5.2.36 Subject - Historical Event

Description: this field contains the names of prominent historical events from American and World History.

How to use this field: Use this field to find all scenes that feature a particular historical event.

Practical Example:
Find all scenes concerning the Cold War:

• Click on the navigation bar to Find Scenes.
• Key in Cold War in the Historical Events box. 
• Click on the SEARCH button.
• The system responds with a summary of all scenes that contain this event.

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5.2.37 Subject - Organizations

Description: This field is a subject field that contains the names of organizations that are referred to within scenes. As per Anglo-American cataloging rules, conventions and meetings, buildings, ships and religious sects are classified as organizations.  This field lists non-fictional organizations only.

How to use this field: Use this field to find all scenes that feature a particular organization.

Practical Example:
Find all scenes concerning the Amish:

• Click on the navigation bar to Find Scenes.
• Key in Amish in the Organization box. 
• Click on the SEARCH button.
• The system responds with a summary of all scenes that discuss the Amish.

5.2.38 Person as Subject

Description: see Name as Subject.

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5.2.39 Subject - Geographical

Description: This field is a subject field that contains place names that are referred to within scenes.

How to use this field: Use this field to find all scenes that feature a particular geographical location.

Practical Example:
Find all scenes that discuss the Alcatraz Island:

• Click on the navigation bar to Find Scenes.
• Key in Alcatraz in the Place as Subject box. 
• Click on the SEARCH button.
• The system responds with a list of scenes referring to Alcatraz.

5.2.40 Subject Headings

Description: This field holds general topical subjects applied to a film.

How to use this field: This field can be used to find scripts dealing with specific subjects.

Practical example: Find all films about the military.

• Click on the navigation bar to Find Scripts.
• Key in military into the Subject Headings box.
• Click on the SEARCH button.
• The system responds with a list of all occurrences.

To see what Subject terms are available click the Terms button. Check terms that you want and paste them into the box. Be careful to delete any semicolons and replace them with the appropriate Boolean operator.

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5.2.41 Writer ID

Description: This field allows advanced users to search for all documents for a particular writer based on their unique ID.

How to use this field: This field is used to provide a quick easy way to find all documents by a particular writer.  This field requires the exact writer ID to be keyed in.

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5.2.42 Writer

Description: This field contains the names of script authors. The same official form of the name is used for display regardless of the form the writer used at the time of writing.

How to use this field: Use this field to analyze word usage or materials written by a particular writer. To see if a particular writer is included in the database, go to the Table of Contents: writers. Names are entered surname, first name, middle name or initial. This is a mandatory field.

Practical Example: Find all works by a particular writer.

• Click on the navigation bar to Search Texts.
• Click on the navigation bar to select Simple Search.
• Key in the name of the writer you want to restrict the search to in the writer box. For a list of writers, click the Terms button to the right of the writer field for a list. Use your Browser's back button to go to the Simple Search screen and key the name in.
• Click on the SEARCH button.
• The system responds with a list of all relevant works.

5.2.43 Written By

Description: This field contains the names of script authors who have a "written by" credit for their work on a script. Names are entered surname, first name, middle name or initial

How to use this field: Use this field to find scripts where a particular author has a "written by" credit for work he or she has done.

Practical Example: Find all works where Robert Riskin has a "written by" credit.

• Click on the navigation bar to Search Texts.
• Key in Riskin into the Written by box.
• Click on the SEARCH button.
• The system responds with a list of all relevant works.

5.2.44 Year of Birth

Description: This field describes the year of the writer's birth, if known. It is used only in the Find writer section of the database. It is an Optional field.

How to use this field: Use this field to find writers born in a particular year or period.

Note: Use 9999 to find occurrences where we have been unable to determine the year of birth.

Practical Example: Find me writers born in from 1900-1920.

• Click on the navigation bar to Find writers.
• Scroll down to the Year of Birth box. Key in 1900-1920.
• Click on the SEARCH button.
• The system responds with a list of all occurrences.

5.2.45 Year of Death

Description: This field describes the year of the writer's death, if known. It is used only in the Find writer section of the database. It is an Optional field.

How to use this field: Use this field to find writers who died in a particular year or period.

Note: To search for occurrences where we could not ascertain the year of death, key in 9999.

Practical Example:
Find me writers who died before 1950.

• Click on the navigation bar to Find writers.
• Scroll down to the Year of Death box. Key in -1950.
• Click on the SEARCH button.
• The system responds with a list of all writers who died before 1950.

5.2.46 Year Released

Description: This field contains the year a script was first released.

How to use this field: Use this field to find all scripts first released before a year, after a year or within a range of years.  To find scripts first produced before a certain year place a dash to the left of the year (e.g. -1960 will find scripts produced before 1960).  To find resources after a certain year place a dash to the right of the year (e.g. 1960- will find scripts first produced after 1960).  You can also search for ranges (e.g. 1960-1980).

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5.2.47 Year Published

Description: This field contains the year a script was published as far as can be determined.  This date is populated by taking the earliest date of publication.

How to use this field: Use this field to find all scripts published before, after or within a range of years.  To find scripts published before a certain year place a dash to the left of the year (e.g. -1960 will find scripts published before 1960).  To find scripts after a certain year place a dash to the right of the year (e.g. 1960- will find scripts after 1960).  You can also search for ranges (e.g. 1960-1980).

Practical Example:
Find all scripts that were published between 1960 and 1980:

• Click on the navigation bar to Find Scripts.
• Scroll down to the Year published box.
• Key in 1960-1980 in the Year published box. 
• Click on the SEARCH button.
• The system responds with a summary of all occurrences.

To find scripts where the publication year is unknown key in 9999.

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6.1 OCCURRENCES WITH CONTEXT/CONTEXT DISPLAY

Occurrences with Context Display is the default results format option. This report indicates the number of texts searched, the search term(s) entered in a defined corpus, and the total number of occurrences found. (The number of occurrences displays at the top of the report if PhiloLogic has detected the number before generating the first 25 occurrences. If not, the total number of occurrences displays at the bottom of the report.) Following this general information is a list of occurrences.

Each occurrence is represented by a short citation consisting of abbreviations for the writer's name and the title of the work with a reference to where the term(s) in question occur within the document. (Full entries for the short citations are listed in the Results Bibliography at the bottom of the report.) Along side the citation is listed several levels of context, shown in red in the example below.

NORMA Or shall I call my servant? GILLIS I know your face. You're Norma Desmond. You used to be in pictures. You used to be big. NORMA I am big. It's the pictures that got small. GILLIS I knew there was something wrong with them. NORMA They're dead. They're finished. There was a time when this business had the eyes of the whole wide world. But that wasn't good enough.

• The citation indicates the original source of the material.
• Page 20 - indicates the page where the occurrence was found. Click on it to go to the page.
• Paragraph - indicates the paragraph where the occurrence was found. Click on it to go to the Paragraph.
• Scene - indicates the Scene where the occurrence was found. Click on Scene to go to it.
• Table of Contents - provides you with the table-of-contents for the script. Click to view it.

Below the short citation there is a passage of text consisting of some forty words on either side of the key word, which is highlighted. PhiloLogic, however, displays as much text as needed to capture all words in a multi-term search and all search words are highlighted. The reference listed with the short citation is linked to the text. If clicking on the page number, one retrieves the full page with key words still highlighted. The same is true for paragraph and the three other levels of hierarchy. Links to the previous and next page, paragraph or levels respectively, if they exist, are provided.

Note: Remember that, when searching for two or more terms within the same paragraph, the context display expands the amount of text displayed to include all of the search terms in the paragraph. At times the text displayed in a proximity search to accommodate all the search terms may be several screens in length since some paragraph divisions in documents in some databases are very far apart.

In cases where a search finds more than 25 occurrences, PhiloLogic provides the first 25 occurrences with links at the bottom of the report to the remaining occurrences of the search in sets of one hundred. One may also retrieve a full list of occurrences which can be useful for down-loading or printing, but which may take some time to retrieve. Note: when results number over hundreds or thousands of occurrences, the report may not be complete when first starting to view results. In this case, one sees the message "The search is still in progress. 908 occurrences have been generated so far. (please follow the link(s) below to check on the progress) ". The server continues to append results until it has completed the entire report and, by clicking on any of the sets of one hundred, one can retrieve the full report.

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6.2 LINE-BY-LINE DISPLAY

The Line-by-Line display indicates the number of texts searched, the search term(s) entered in a defined corpus, and the total number of occurrences found. (The number of occurrences displays at the top of the report if PhiloLogic has detected the number before generating the first 25 occurrences. If not, the total number of occurrences displays at the bottom of the report.) Following this general information is a list of occurrences. Each occurrence is represented by a short citation consisting of abbreviations for the writer's name and the title of the work with a reference to where the term(s) in question occur within the document. References (E.g. FS000417 (p. 26)) are a concatenation of the document identifier within the database, and the Page Number. The report is followed by the Results Bibliography, wherein you can find a full citation for the References in the report. Here is an example of the Line-by-Line display (links to the table of contents and occurrences have been disabled).

Context Display      Sorted by Author     Sorted by Source     Frequency by Year

This page contains the first 25 occurrences. Please follow the link(s) at the bottom of the page to see the rest of the occurrences your search found.

1. FS000455 (p.14) unts her horse with Peter's help, Bones not being gallant enough to
2. FS000455 (p.15) a crude globe, and with its help is explaining (Spkn. T. 12.) "It i
3. FS000455 (p.34) ers them all to fall to and help him put the room to rights. SC. 22
4. FS000455 (p.38) ner: (Spkn. T. 57.) "I will help you trap Master Crane into a confe
5. FS000455 (p.49) a complete confession will help us save you from torture."Back to
6. FS000455 (p.49)hey will do all they can to help him, and start away. SC. 344. EXT.
7. FS000455 (p.50)and turns to her father for help. He orders Peter to hitch up their
8. FS000455 (p.53)re. As old Balt and Katrina help him climb up into their vehicle, t
9. FS000455 (p.58)(Spk. T. 97.) "Fall to, and help yourself!" Back to scene. Young An
10. FS000455 (p.60) the girls to sit down and help with the work, which they do eager
11. FS000457 (p.7)those in trouble. This will help to make clear her attitude toward
12. FS000457 (p.9)t her command, is trying to help him back to the platform. First, s
13. FS000457 (p.15)goes to him, and begins to help him get on his feet again. 43. ANG
14. FS000457 (p.50)ard Martin, telling him to help himself to the cigarettes lying on
15. FS000457 (p.84) work, but now there is no help for it. 309. MEDIUM SHOT ON BOB Bo
16. FS000457 (p.108)s to him. He can and will help the Heaths in their hour of sorrow
17. FS000457 (p.112)t the thought that he can help them all. 436. CLOSE-UP ON MARY AN
18. FS000457 (p.137)ation he calls wildly for help. 567. CLOSE-UP ON TWINS-- NIGHT Th
19. FS000457 (p.141) Terrorized, he calls for help, but his only answer is the moanin
20. FS000457 (p.150)eabouts, calls loudly for help. 620. MEDIUM SHOT ON JOHN-- NIGHT
21. FS000457 (p.150)John hears Bob's call for help and at last determines the general
22. FS000417 (p.26) PETER I wish you'd let me help you. Whatever it is, it doesn't so
23. FS000417 (p.39)m. REGGIE (sobbing) Please help me, Peter-- you're the only one I
24. FS000417 (p.40)rust. PETER Of course I'll help-- I told you I would, didn't I? Co
25. FS000417 (p.49)ur changing hotels. Please help us, Mrs. Lampert. Your government

A Line-by-Line Display differs from a Context Report in that it limits the text displayed to only a single line of text. The search term, which is highlighted, is centered in the line so that a user can quickly scan the results. At the bottom of the report one finds the Results Bibliography, which lists the full references for the short citations above. Unlike the Context report, a Line-by-Line Display only offers one level of linked context.

The user may toggle from the Line-by-Line Display to a Context Report or to the results sorted by writer and Sorted by Source.

In cases where a search finds more than 25 occurrences, PhiloLogic provides the first 25 occurrences with links at the bottom of the report to the remaining occurrences of the search in sets of one hundred. One may also retrieve a full list of occurrences which can be useful for down-loading or printing, but which may take some time to retrieve. Note: when results number over hundreds or thousands of occurrences, the report may not be complete when first starting to view results. In this case, one sees the message "The search is still in progress. [908] occurrences have been generated so far. (please follow the link(s) below to check on the progress) ". The server continues to append results until it has completed the entire report and, by clicking on any of the sets of one hundred, one can retrieve the full report.

Note: When executing a "Proximity Search," especially with paragraph set as the searching parameter, it is best to avoid the Line-by-line format since all search terms are not likely to be in the single line of text displayed. The term that is located first in the paragraph is the one that is centered in the single line of text. Using the Context results format ensures that all terms are included in the display even if the paragraph should happen to run for several pages. One can switch from a Line-by-line format to a Context Report format at any time while viewing results and switch back. PhiloLogic takes the user to the same set of results being viewed at the time of the switch.

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6.3 SORTING RESULTS BY WRITER

Results can be sorted using a Sorted by writer report. This report indicates how many times a work occurred in documents by a particular writer. To do this choose Frequency by writer at the bottom of the Letter, Diary or Advanced Search screens, or select Sort by writer from the Context or Line by Line display.

A Sorted by writer report indicates the bibliographic criteria entered, the number of documents searched, the search term(s) entered, the number of unique forms derived from the search term(s) within the database, a list of those unique forms, and the total number of occurrences found in the defined corpus. Following this information, the report indicates the number of occurrences by writer in descending order of frequency with individual titles listed with a link to the digital table of contents for each title and a link to the occurrences found within that title.

This report also shows what terms within a database one's search criteria are searching (for example, one can discover that entering the search term school.* in the database searches for all these unique terms above). See below for an example (links to the table of contents and occurrences have been disabled).

Your search found 22 occurrences.

Context Display     Line by Line Display     Frequency by Author     Frequency by Source     Frequency by Year

Any definable corpus or search can be used in generating this report. Unlike Context Display and Line-by-line reports, this report does not display text, only frequency statistics with links to occurrences displayed in Context display format. Note: the sets of occurrences linked to from the frequency report are numbered in chronological order, not by frequency. In other words, clicking on the [Occurrences] link for a title at the top of the list could, for example, bring up occurrences numbered 21-28 instead of 1-8 because that writer's title while ranked first in frequency is not first chronologically.

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6.4 SORTING RESULTS BY TITLE

Results can be sorted using a Sorted by Title report. To do this choose Frequency by Title at the bottom of the Simple or Advanced Search screens, or click on Sort by Title when in a context display.

This report indicates the bibliographic criteria entered, the number of documents searched, the search term(s) entered, the number of unique forms derived from the search term(s) within the database, a list of those unique forms, and the total number of occurrences found in the defined corpus. Following this information, the report indicates the number of occurrences by title in descending order of frequency with a link to the digital table of contents for each title and a link to the occurrences found within that title.

This report also shows what terms within a database one's search criteria are searching (for example, one can discover that entering the search term help.* in the database searches for all these unique terms below). See below for an example (links to the table of contents and occurrences have been disabled).

Your search found 1823 occurrences.

Context Display      Line by Line Display      Frequency by Author      Frequency by Source      Frequency by Year

1. 30 Blue Sky (1994): Shooting script, Leichtling, Jerry, 1948-; Sarner, Arlene; Stagner, Rama Laurie [Occurrences]
2. 30 Rush Hour (1998): Shooting script, [Occurrences]
3. 30 The Adventures of Robin Hood (1938): Shooting script, Raine, Norman Reilly, 1894-1971; Miller, Seton I., 1902-1974 [Occurrences]
4. 29 Judgment of the Storm (1924): Continuity script, [Occurrences]
5. 28 Boogie Nights (1997): Shooting script, Anderson, Paul Thomas, 1970- [Occurrences]
6. 27 Snow White: Draft script, never produced, Schrader, Paul Joseph, 1946- [Occurrences]
7. 27 American Madness (1932): Shooting script, Riskin, Robert, 1897-1955 [Occurrences]
8. 26 They Made Me A Criminal (1939): Shooting script, [Occurrences]
9. 26 Ghost (1990): Shooting script, Rubin, Bruce Joel, 1943- [Occurrences]
10. 25 Nine Men From Now: Draft script, never produced, Schrader, Paul Joseph, 1946- [Occurrences]
11. 24 Mr. Deeds Goes to Town (1936): Shooting script, Riskin, Robert, 1897-1955 [Occurrences]
12. 24 The Doors of Perception: Draft script, never produced, Schrader, Paul Joseph, 1946- [Occurrences]
13. 22 The Jackie Robinson Story (1950): Draft script, Mann, Arthur, fl. 1950; Taylor, Lawrence, fl. 1950 [Occurrences]
14. 22 I'll Do Anything (1994): Shooting script, Brooks, James L., 1940- [Occurrences]
15. 20 Philadelphia Experiment (1984): Shooting script, Gray, William; Janover, Michael, 1946- [Occurrences]
16. 20 Father's Little Dividend (1951): Shooting script, Hackett, Albert, 1900-1995; Goodrich, Frances, 1890-1984 [Occurrences]
17. 20 Underground (1941): Shooting script, [Occurrences]
18. 20 Starman (1984): Draft script, Evans, Bruce A.; Gideon, Raynold [Occurrences]
19. 20 Black Beauty (1994): Shooting script, [Occurrences]
20. 20 Made For Each Other (1939): Shooting script, Swerling, Jo, 1893-1964 [Occurrences]

The Frequency by Source Report is useful if one is curious how frequently an writer uses term(s) in one work as compared to his/her other works or in his/her works as compared to others' works.

Any definable corpus or search can be used in generating this report. Unlike Context Display and Line-by-line reports, this report does not display text, only frequency statistics with links to occurrences displayed in Context Display format. Note: the sets of occurrences linked to from the frequency report are numbered in chronological order, not by frequency. In other words, clicking on the [Occurrences] link for a title at the top of the list could, for example, bring up occurrences numbered 21-28 instead of 1-8 because that title while ranked first in frequency is not first chronologically.

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6.5 SORTING RESULTS BY YEAR (FREQUENCY BY YEAR)

Results can be sorted by using a Frequency by Year report. This report indicates how many times a work occurred in documents in a particular year. To do this choose Frequency by Year at the bottom of the Letter, Diary or Advanced Search screens.

A Frequency by Year report indicates the bibliographic criteria entered, the number of documents searched, the search term(s) entered, the number of unique forms derived from the search term(s) within the database, a list of those unique forms, and the total number of occurrences found in the defined corpus. Following this information, the report indicates the number of occurrences by title in descending order of frequency with a link to the digital table of contents for each title and a link to the occurrences found within that title.

This report also shows what terms within a database one's search criteria are searching (for example, one can discover that entering the search term craft* in the database searches for these unique terms). See below for an example (links to the table of contents and occurrences have been disabled).

Your search found 38 occurrences.

Context Display      Line by Line Display      Frequency by Author      Frequency by Source      Frequency by Year

1. 1921: 23
      23: The Headless Horseman (1922): Shooting script  [Occurrences]
2. Undated: 15
      13: Butler, Michael; Shryack, Dennis, 1936- Pale Rider (1985): Shooting script  [Occurrences]
      1: First Knight (1995): Draft script  [Occurrences]
      1: Black Beauty (1994): Shooting script  [Occurrences]

The Sorted by Year Report is useful if one is curious how frequently a word appears over time. Any definable corpus or search can be used in generating this report. Unlike Context Display and Line-by-line reports, this report does not display text, only frequency statistics with links to occurrences displayed in Context Display format.

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6.6 NAVIGATING DOCUMENTS FROM WORD SEARCHES

In Context Display one finds several options for viewing more context around one's matched term(s). In addition to page and paragraph, you'll see section and table of contents. These divisions reflect the logical organization of the document from smaller parts (paragraph) to larger parts of the script. What each level represents depends upon the text itself.

Slugs ("EXT COUNTRY ROAD (NIGHT)") are smaller divisions which are delineate camera angles or shots. They are in turn organized into scenes, which often contain several slugs, often including an establishing shot and several slugs containing enough action and dialogue to constitute a coherent scene.

Any part of any level may be selected by simply clicking on it. Once a user goes to a second level of context, he/she will find the search term(s) still highlighted. One may also find the next and previous sections for each level if one should wish to "flip through" the document by sections (provided that a next or previous section exists for a given level).

Notes: In PhiloLogic notes never interfere when searching the text to which they refer. Note references are linked to notes and occurrences in text from notes are linked to page references. Note and page references can be found on any level of context (e.g., Page, Paragraph, Section, Document), but not from a first-level results screen.

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